There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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How did the foreign exchange crisis in 2022 impact the growth and dynamics of the solar energy market in Pakistan?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid, Executive Director of Innovo Corp**
**Editor:** Thank you for joining us today, Muhammad. The latest reports indicate that Pakistan has imported an astonishing 13 GW of solar panels in the first half of 2024. Can you explain what has driven this surge in solar panel imports?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. The primary driver behind this increase is the burgeoning demand for solar energy in Pakistan. Following a period of economic difficulty, including a foreign exchange crisis in 2022 that restricted imports, we now find ourselves in a position where the market is ripe for solar adoption. The sheer volume of imports speaks to the shift towards renewable energy as companies recognize the profitability of solar investments.
**Editor:** You mentioned the challenges faced in 2022 regarding imports and trade deficits. How did these challenges impact the solar market at that time?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** In 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a dollar shortage, which resulted in a trade deficit. This situation led to an informal ban on non-essential imports, including solar panels. The issuance of letters of credit was limited, making it difficult for distributors to bring in solar equipment. However, some large players were able to navigate this landscape and sourced panels, taking advantage of the limited supply.
**Editor:** It seems like companies saw an opportunity for significant profits during this tumultuous period. Could you elaborate on how the profit margins changed for solar panels in the local market?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Absolutely. Initially, the cost to import panels was around $0.15 per watt, which meant companies were able to sell them at $0.30 per watt locally, resulting in a tremendous 100% profit margin. This attracted not just established solar companies but also businesses from other sectors, such as agriculture, looking to diversify their portfolios. However, with the influx of panels in 2024, profit margins have begun to tighten, and in some instances, sales are occurring at a loss.
**Editor:** Given the current market dynamics, what do you foresee for the future of solar energy in Pakistan?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** I think we are at a pivotal moment. While some may be exiting the market due to lower profits, the underlying demand for solar energy remains strong. The investment from both commercial and industrial sectors continues to grow, and as electricity prices increase, solar will still offer a viable economic solution. The transition to solar is still seen as a straightforward investment, typically yielding a return within 18 to 24 months.
**Editor:** With the increase in panel availability, do you expect any changes in the investment landscape for solar technology in Pakistan?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Definitely. There’s a clear trend towards more multinational and local companies investing in photovoltaic technology. As more players enter the sector and competition increases, we may see innovation and efficiency improvements that could enhance solar energy’s attractiveness.
**Editor:** Thank you for your insights, Muhammad. It will be interesting to see how the solar market evolves in Pakistan amid these developments.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. I’m optimistic about the future of solar energy in Pakistan, and I believe it will play a crucial role in addressing our energy needs sustainably.