There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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What are the key challenges and opportunities in the solar panel market in Pakistan as discussed in your interview with Muhammad Mujahid?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid, Executive Director of Innovo Corp**
**Interviewer:** Thank you for joining us, Muhammad. Let’s dive into the current solar panel situation in Pakistan. According to a recent Bloomberg NEF report, Pakistan has imported an impressive 13 GW of solar panels from China in just the first half of 2024. How have you seen this massive influx impact the market?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. The import of such a large number of solar panels has indeed transformed the market landscape. It’s a notable shift—panels are literally everywhere, and the visibility has increased significantly. With demand sitting around 3.5 GW in 2023, we are witnessing a rapid expansion in solar infrastructure.
**Interviewer:** You mentioned challenges in 2022 due to a dollar shortage that affected imports. How did this situation evolve into the current boom?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** In 2022, we faced serious hurdles with a trade deficit and restrictions on incoming goods, limiting imports to essential items only. This meant solar panels were hard to come by, with an informal ban that lasted nearly nine months. However, this created a gap in the market. As conditions improved and the dollar flow stabilized, distributors began aggressively importing panels, seizing on the previous demand.
**Interviewer:** It sounds like there was a significant profit margin for distributors, especially during the foreign exchange crisis. What do you think led to the influx of various businesses, even those outside the solar sector, to enter this market?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Absolutely, during the crisis, the cost of importing panels was around $0.15 per watt while the market price soared to $0.30. This 100% profit attracted many players, including those in unrelated sectors like agriculture. For instance, rice exporters used their dollars to switch to solar panel distribution, leading to a surge in availability.
**Interviewer:** With such a rapidly changing market, how sustainable do you think this boom is? Are you seeing signs of prolongation, or is the industry facing potential risks?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** We did expect some stabilization, yet the current year has shown a decline in profit margins. In fact, some companies have started selling at a loss due to oversupply. It was surprising how quickly some investors exited, as many anticipated a longer-term stay in solar.
**Interviewer:** Looking forward to 2025, what do you see as the future of solar energy investment in Pakistan?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** The future is promising, particularly with continuous investments from both commercial and industrial sectors in photovoltaic technology. As Hussain Khan from Wateen Energy Solutions noted, solar panel systems remain a straightforward investment, with reliable ROI within two years. Even if net metering profitability wanes, rising electricity costs will still drive investment into solar energy.
**Interviewer:** Thank you, Muhammad. It’s clear there are both opportunities and challenges in Pakistan’s solar market, and we will be watching closely to see how it develops.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. It’s an exciting time for solar energy in Pakistan, and I’m optimistic about the industry’s future.