There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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What are the main challenges facing smaller companies in the solar energy market in Pakistan following the recent surge in solar panel imports?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid, Executive Director of Innovo Corp, on the Solar Energy Boom in Pakistan**
**Editor:** Thank you for joining us today, Muhammad Mujahid. Pakistan has seen a significant influx of solar panels recently, particularly from China. Can you explain what factors have contributed to this surge?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. The dramatic increase in solar panel imports can be attributed to a few key factors. First, while there was a severe dollar shortage and restrictions on imports in 2022, the situation has improved, allowing distributors to bring in solar panels more freely. Moreover, as the cost of solar energy becomes more competitive, we’ve seen an influx of investments from both local and multinational companies keen on capitalizing on this growing market.
**Editor:** Interesting. The Bloomberg NEF report mentions that Pakistan became the third-largest market for Chinese solar exports in early 2024. What does this mean for the local market, especially in terms of pricing and profitability?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** That’s correct. The influx of panels has initially driven prices down and made solar energy even more accessible to the average consumer. However, as the market flooded with panels, the profit margins started to shrink significantly. In fact, some companies are now selling panels at a loss. This rapid increase in availability has also led to increased competition, which is good for consumers but challenging for businesses.
**Editor:** There was a detailed focus on the previous restrictions that hindered solar panel imports. How did those conditions impact market dynamics, especially for smaller players?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** The restrictions certainly created a challenging environment. Small players found it difficult to import solar panels due to limitations on the issuance of letters of credit. However, larger companies and those with existing import channels capitalized on the situation. When the restrictions eased, many smaller players attempted to re-enter the market, leading to a more competitive landscape.
**Editor:** Hussain Khan from Wateen Energy Solutions highlighted the impressive returns on investment in solar energy, suggesting a typical ROI within 18 months to two years. Do you think this trend will continue, especially with the fluctuating market conditions?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** While the ROI remains attractive, the dynamics are shifting. The initial boom created substantial gains for many, but as the market stabilizes, we may see a period of adjustment where profits are tighter. Nonetheless, given the rising prices of electricity and the push for sustainable energy solutions, the long-term outlook for solar in Pakistan remains strong.
**Editor:** what future developments do you foresee in the solar sector as we head further into 2024?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** As solar technology advances, we expect continued interest and investment, particularly with the commercial and industrial sectors leading the charge. Additionally, improvements in net metering and energy policies from the government could further enhance the viability of solar investments. So, while we may be in a transitional phase now, the foundation for growth in the solar sector is solidly built.
**Editor:** Thank you for your insights, Muhammad. It’s certainly an exciting time for solar energy in Pakistan.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me!