There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, Pakistan will have a demand for solar panels of about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a dollar shortage, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring back their dollars from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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How do you see the future competition among local and multinational companies impacting the solar energy market in Pakistan?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid, Executive Director of Innovo Corp**
**Interviewer:** Thank you for joining us today, Muhammad. The recent surge in solar panel imports to Pakistan is quite remarkable. Can you give us a summary of how we arrived at this point?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. Indeed, the situation has evolved significantly. In 2022, Pakistan faced a serious foreign exchange crisis, which led to a shortage of dollars. The central bank restricted imports to essential goods only, leaving solar panels off the list for nearly nine months. This created a backlog, but some imports did still happen, mainly through unofficial channels.
**Interviewer:** Interesting. So, how did this situation lead to the massive import of solar panels this year?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Once the restrictions eased, demand skyrocketed. In the first half of 2024 alone, we imported 13 GW of solar panels from China. This was driven by a combination of high local market prices and the opportunity for high profits in trading. It became an appealing investment for many businesses, even outside of the energy sector.
**Interviewer:** You mentioned high profit margins. Can you elaborate on that?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Certainly. The direct cost of importing these panels was around $0.15 per watt, while they were sold locally at approximately $0.30 per watt. This 100% markup attracted many traders, even those who had previously focused on other commodities like rice, to dive into the solar market.
**Interviewer:** What about the competition? Is the market saturated now?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** As imports surged, we did see a decrease in profit margins in 2024 due to oversupply, with some companies even selling at a loss. I didn’t expect such a rapid exit from the market, given how profitable it was just a short while ago. But it highlights the volatility in this industry.
**Interviewer:** In your opinion, is investing in solar energy still a good move for businesses?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Absolutely. Even with fluctuating profits, solar energy remains a straightforward investment. It typically delivers returns within 18 to 24 months, and given the rising electricity prices in Pakistan, it continues to be an attractive option despite potential profitability reductions due to net metering changes.
**Interviewer:** What role do you think local and multinational companies will play in the future of Pakistan’s solar energy sector?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Investment is definitely coming from both local and multinational firms, particularly in photovoltaic technology. Everybody who has capital is exploring solar options. This competitive environment is crucial not just for meeting energy needs, but also for stimulating economic growth.
**Interviewer:** Thank you, Muhammad. It sounds like solar energy is quickly becoming a linchpin in Pakistan’s energy landscape.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. Yes, it certainly is a critical area of growth for us.