2024-10-23 15:18:00
On November 3rd and 10th, around 5 million Brazilians are expected to take the National High School Exam (Enem), according to data released by the government. Less than a month before the test that allows admission to several public and private higher education institutions, many students are looking for guidance on how to prepare for this final stretch.
Maintaining consistency is considered an important step, explains Professor Alexandre Emerson, specialized in neuroscience applied to performance and partner of the Super Professor platform, known as Professor Xandão. It reinforces the need to have the habit of reviewing content, especially those in which the student has more difficulty.
“With just a few weeks left before the test, the student has to carry out a spaced review. At the beginning of the week, review the most common topics, evolution, cytology, general chemistry, physical chemistry, basic mathematics with geometry, interpretation, literature, and literary genres”, he states.
He adds that “in the middle of the week, the ideal is to solve the items and, at the end of the week, do more in-depth analysis, which is very important to be able to get it right and understand the difficult questions on the test”.
Deepening, the professor continues, allows the forgetting curve to be reduced, the term refers to the fact that the retention of information by the brain decreases over time, if there are no attempts to remember or review the material.
Along these lines, Emerson highlights the importance of also understanding how Enem works, especially in relation to intertextuality (with questions that mix or confront views from two different texts) and Item Response Theory (IRT).
IRT is a methodology in which each question has a different weight, calculated based on some parameters, such as the difficulty of solving and the probability of the candidate having guessed the answer. Therefore, students with the same number of correct answers do not necessarily obtain the same grade.
The teacher even has guidance regarding which questions to ask first on the day of the Enem, in order to leave the more complex questions for the end.
“I tell my students that, in the nature part, the biggest tip is to start with biology. To be able to win in this most enjoyable part of the race, let’s put it that way. And then there will be physics and chemistry, with theoretical and calculation questions”, he states.
“If I stopped at physics and chemistry and this question involves concepts, I can’t make a mistake, because it will have the characteristic of being an easier item. And then there will be the ‘quarries’, the medium ones and the difficult ones. Some of these will require formulas”, he says.
Emotional
In addition to studies, Emerson highlights a concern that cannot be forgotten: anxiety. As the day of the test approaches, many students’ emotions are shaken.
Although a certain degree of nervousness is normal in decisive situations such as Enem, the teacher’s guidance is to seek emotional control – if the student already visits a psychologist, it is worth reporting signs of anxiety or restlessness to the professional.
The day before the test, Emerson points out that incorporating pleasurable activities into your routine can help relieve tension, such as practicing physical activity, going out with friends or exploring a hobby.
“If during the test, the student has the famous blackout, they have to go to the bathroom, wash their face and breathe 4-6-6, as indicated in the literature by professor Daniel Fuentes [psicólogo com doutorado pela Universidade de São Paulo]. It involves inhaling the air for four seconds, holding it, counting to six and exhaling the air for six seconds again. This is a technique in which he controls his breathing”, advises Emerson.
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