India’s space mission Chandrayaan 3 has completed its mission to the moon and the lunar rover ‘Pargyan’ has provided invaluable information about the moon.
For example, data obtained by Chandrayaan 3 revealed that there is a large difference in temperature between the surface and the surface of the Moon. At the location where the Indian lunar rover took data, the surface temperature was 50 degrees Celsius, but dropped to minus 10 degrees Celsius just a few millimeters below the surface.
It turns out that the surface of the moon is not a good conductor of heat.
Chandrian 3 The moon rover Pragyan discovered that there is sulfur on the south pole of the moon. Apart from this, the Chandrayaan 3 mission also detected an earthquake on the Moon on August 26.
Meanwhile, many people raised the question that Pakistan’s Space Research Institute SPARCO (Space and Upper Atmospheric Research Commission) Where is it and what is its performance?
In this regard, a program was organized at the Institute of Regional Studies in Islamabad on Wednesday, in which Dr. Adil Sultan, Dean of Aerospace and Strategic Studies at the Air University of Islamabad, compared and evaluated the space programs of India and Pakistan. What did
He said at the beginning that the space programs of the two countries cannot be directly compared because the budget of India’s space agency ISRO is 1.8 billion dollars, while the budget of Pakistan’s SPARCO is only 36 million dollars, that is, from India. 50 times less.
How far India is ahead of Pakistan in space technology can be gauged from the fact that Dr. Adil Sultan gave Pakistan five out of nine and India a full nine out of nine in the ‘Space Readiness Index’ and said that India can currently compete with any space program in the world.
He said that Pakistan’s space program started before India’s, i.e. in 1962 when Pakistan launched a rocket named ‘Rahbar I’ into space, the eighth in the world and the eighth in Asia after Japan and Israel. became the third country of
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Pakistan then launched a number of rockets with the support of the United States that acquired space information, but after the 1965 and 1971 wars with India, Pakistan’s focus changed to military research rather than space science. gave
Then in 1974, when India detonated a nuclear weapon at Pokhran, Pakistan made nuclear weapons its national priority.
Dr. Adil said that since Pakistan was threatened by India, it shifted its resources to defense technology and space research was left behind.
On the other hand, India had more resources and had different aspirations than us, so their space program continued without any interruption and we are seeing the results of this today.
Dr. Adil said that the world’s space economy will reach 10 trillion dollars by 2040 and if India gets even 10 percent of it, it will be equal to 100 billion dollars. Pakistan will have to think about what share it wants to receive from this market.
He said that to participate in the rapidly expanding space economy, Pakistan would have to separate civilian research from military research and establish a new space agency, manned by experts in space technology.
Apart from this, Pakistan will have to move towards civilian application of space technology, defense benefits can be achieved separately.
Moreover, we have to focus on developing our own technology by reducing our dependence on other countries.
Dr. Adil Sultan speaking at Institute of Regional Studies on September 20, 2023 (Independent Urdu)
Pakistan’s space program, which started before India’s
Few people may know that Pakistan’s space program is older than India’s. By sending a rocket into space on June 7, 1962, Pakistan became the eighth country in the world and the third country in Asia after Japan and Israel.
Its history is very interesting. On May 25, 1961, US President John F. Kennedy announced to a joint session of Congress that the United States was planning to land a man on the moon before the end of the decade.
For this, America started very active and very large-scale research. Some of this can be gauged from the mission’s budget, which according to the website planetary.org was $28 billion, which is about $280 billion in 2020.
The project was one of the largest projects in human history, comparable to the Manhattan Project to build the first atomic bomb or the Great Wall of China.
For this mission, the United States needed information about the structure of wind waves in the upper atmosphere. The US realized that the best data for this purpose could be obtained from the Indian Ocean region.
This is where Pakistan enters space science.
In July 1961 President Ayub Khan visited the United States, where he was well received and Mr. and Mrs. Ayub were received at the airport by President Kennedy.
During President Ayub’s visit, the United States invited Pakistan to participate in its space program, which surprised members of the Pakistani delegation.
President Ayub accepted the offer and assigned Nobel Prize winning scientist Dr. Abdul Salam, who was his scientific advisor, to the task. Dr. Abdul Salam along with Dr. Tariq Mustafa, a young official of Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, who happened to be in America at that time. NASA Settled matters within just two days.
In less than a year, Pakistan became capable of launching a rocket into space and on June 7, 1962, it launched a rocket named Rehbar I from Sonmiani in Balochistan, which reached an altitude of 130 km.
After that, Leader II was fired. Both these rockets provided important information to NASA about the pressure and structure of the atmosphere in the upper atmosphere. In addition, the mission collected valuable information on cloud formation, cyclones and weather in the Arabian Sea.
After that, Pakistan sent about two hundred rockets into space in the next 10 years. In 1973, the three astronauts who took part in the Apollo mission also visited Pakistan and received a rousing reception.
But then, according to Dr. Adil Sultan, all these programs were earmarked for defense purposes and civilian research was left behind.
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