The Italian Foundation’s research, concerning the burial site of the leading Greek philosopher, Plato, was based on papyri from the site of Hercolano, near Naples.
The credit belongs to the Italian papyriologist Graziano Ranocchia, according to whom Plato was buried in the “Academy” that bears his name in Athens, in a garden near the “temple of the Muses”.
This important discovery, according to what has become known, is due to a new reading of a papyrus of Philodemus the Epicurean, which contains the History of the “Academy”.
The papyri were “read” by a bionic eye, which, despite being charred by the eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79. which also destroyed Pompeii, was able to discover this new, useful information. The whole research started three years ago and will be completed in 2026. The bionic eye detected a thousand new words, compared to the previous one, which was done in 1991, that is 30% more text.
Plato: What we know regarding the philosopher
The Italian researchers add that from this new reading “it appears that Plato was sold as a slave already in 404 BC, when the Spartans conquered Aegina, or, as an alternative case, in 399 BC, immediately following his death of Socrates”. Until now, this particular event was always referred to in 387 BC. and in the period when Plato was in Syracuse, Sicily.
Plato: The importance of the Herculaneum papyri
The location of Plato’s burial site, at the Academy of Athens, was made possible thanks to a bionic reading of papyri found in Herculaneum, Lower Italy, charred by the eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79.
It is a total of over 1,800 papyri, with philosophical texts, mainly by Philodemos the Epicurean. The great majority of them are kept in the National Library of Naples and are not exposed to the public because they are considered particularly “sensitive” archaeological finds. According to the official record, there are 1,814 papyri and fragments, 1,756 of which were discovered in 1855. Thanks to the efforts of papyriologists, so far 340 have been read, 970 are considered partially damaged, while regarding 500 are charred fragments.
The Herculaneum Papyrus, read with a bionic eye and allegedly revealing Plato’s burial site, contains other important historical evidence, according to Italian press.
These are references to Plato’s last night before his death, the corruption of the Oracle of Delphi by Heraclides and the exact rendering of the name of the philosopher Philo of Larissa, who died in Italy, due to a pandemic, in 83 BC. .
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