2024-01-15 08:13:00
The National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) will offer this year the specialization in Palliative Medicine that will train doctors capable of developing a professional practice of high scientific quality, with which they can integrate research and educational activities into their work. This specialization was endorsed by the University Council of the Plan and the Programwhich also modifies the Single Plan for Medical Specializations (PUEM).
Study Plan Details
According to UNAM, the Curriculum will be taught in the school system in person and its duration will be three years in which 693 credits must be covered, which correspond to 12 mandatory academic activities. The specialization is “direct entry” through the selection of the National Examination of Applicants for Medical Residencies, with a degree and professional license of the Bachelor of Physician/Surgeon or its equivalent. This new study plan will begin to be taught in the “Manuel Gea González” General Hospital considering its relevance in the field of knowledge of the specialization, benefiting from its experience, as well as its human and material resources. Subsequently, it may be carried out in medical units that have the requirements stipulated by the Faculty of Medicine to host the specializations.
Palliative Medicine in Mexico
Likewise, the PUEM Modification Project states that in Mexico there is a very big gap of access to Palliative Medicine for the care of sick people who are at the end of life. In this sense, it points out that according to the Official Gazette of the Federation (2014) in the country there is a lack of service infrastructure of 79%. In addition, it reveals a significant shortage of opioids, a lack of training for primary, secondary and tertiary care, despite the fact that there has been legislation established on the matter since 2009.
Health care
To resolve the above, the document highlights that higher education institutions such as UNAM are responsible for participating in the design of study plans and programs. While health institutions are responsible for provide clinical scenarios for diagnosis, therapy and rehabilitation required for the optimal training of specialized personnel. The project also highlights that Mexico has to face the demographic and epidemiological transition through a change in health care. This is taking into account that annually there are regarding 468 thousand people with serious health-related suffering, which means almost 230 thousand deaths and 37% of national mortality, according to the Lancet Commission on Global Access to Palliative Care and Relief. from pain. That is, a wide range of people require palliative care:
- Adults with chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases (38.5%).
- Cancer (34%).
- As (5,7 %).
- Diabetes (4,6 %).
Although other conditions can also require palliative care, for example kidney failure, chronic liver diseases, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, neurological diseases, dementia, congenital anomalies and drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Limits in palliative care
Studies carried out in our country by Human Rights Watch agree that access to palliative care services is limited, Among the reasons are the few public institutions that offer them. Of the nation’s 32 states, seven do not have any type of palliative care service; In five they only exist in the capital of each state. While only in Mexico City and Durango, Jalisco and Guanajuato is there access through the National Institute of Health and Welfare, the Mexican Institute of Social Security and the Institute of Health and Social Services of State Workers, with hospitals that have palliative care units or pain clinics. Likewise, training for health personnel in this discipline is minimal, since of the 111 medical schools that exist, only six offer courses on palliative care in undergraduate studies; In two of them they are mandatory. Of 19 countries in the region, Mexico ranks 12th in terms of the integration of palliative care in undergraduate medicine curricula, adds the PUEM Modification Project.
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