2024-01-09 11:00:37
Gene editing of rapeseed gives it resistance to fungal pathogens
HIS*
Scientists have used CRISPR to enhance the resistance of rapeseed to fungal pathogens. The study also provided a better understanding of the mechanisms of plant resistance to pathogenic fungi.
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is one of the main sources of edible oil in the world. However, its production is continually affected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which causes stem rot, and Botrytis cinera, which causes gray rot.
Rapeseed should contain resistance genes once morest these pathogens, and the researchers decided to maximize these genes. They used CRISPR-Cas9 to delete the BnaA05.RLK902 gene in rapeseed. The results showed that target gene editing improved rapeseed resistance once morest stem rot and gray rot without affecting plant growth and development.
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* Source : Gene Editing of Rapeseed Provides Resistance to Fungal Pathogens- Crop Biotech Update (December 14, 2023) | Gene Editing Supplement – ISAAA.org
My note: Here is the (cut) summary of “Genome editing of RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 902 confers resistance to necrotrophic fungal pathogens in Brassica napus without growth penalties” necrotrophic pathogenic fungi in Brassica napus without penalizing growth) by Chuanji Zhao, et al. :
“Rapeseed rape (Brassica napus) is a major source of edible vegetable oil worldwide. However, its production is continually threatened by the necrotrophic pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinera, which cause stem rot disease (SRD) and gray mold disease (GMD), respectively.
Given the close phylogenetic relationship between S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea, a similar pathogenic strategy adopted by S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea and putative genes simultaneously controlling SRD and GMD resistance likely exist in B. napus .
To exploit these resistance genes of B. napus, detached leaves of 230 genome-sequenced rapeseed accessions were respectively inoculated with mycelial plugs of S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea under controlled conditions, and the sizes of the lesions of the disease were independently the subject of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 2,779,265 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) with a minor allele frequency of ≥0.05 and three different models (Figure 1a, Figures S1 and S1) (Cui et al., 2023; He et al., 2022).
The results showed that a significant region on chromosome A05 was repeatedly identified and strongly associated with both SRD and GMD (Figure 1a, Figure S1).
In this region, the two most significant SNPs (SNP_17,088,971 and SNP_17,088,560) located in the third exon of BnaA05g22400D defined two haplotypes (Figure 1b,c). The two haplotypes (Hap_1 and Hap_2) divided 170 accessions into two groups that show a significant difference in the size of SRD and GMD lesions (Figure 1c).
Hap_2(AG), causing amino acid changes A344T and D570E in the BnaA05g22400D protein, exhibited less SRD and GMD damage than Hap_1 (GC, Figure 1c).
Synteny analysis revealed that the Arabidopsis ortholog of BnaA05g22400D protein is RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 902 (RLK902) and their protein sequence identity is 82% (Figures S3a and S4).
The deduced BnaA05g22400D protein contains the typical domains of RLK proteins and was localized to the plasma membrane, as shown by transient expression in Arabidopsis protoplasts (Figure S3a,b).
We therefore designated BnaA05g22400D as BnaA05.RLK902.
BnaA05.RLK902 was expressed in most B. napus tissues and had the highest levels in the bud, revealed by quantitative PCR in both susceptible and resistant B. napus lines (Figure S3c).
In the leaf, BnaA05.RLK902 expression was strongly induced by inoculation of S. sclerotiorum or B. cinerea in the disease-susceptible accession Zhongshuang11 (ZS11), but downregulated in the resistant line Zhongyou821 (ZY821), suggesting an essential role of BnaA05.RLK902 for the pathogenicity of S. sclerotiorum or B. cinerea (Figure S3d).
I do not reproduce the figures…
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#Gene #editing #rapeseed #resistance #fungal #pathogens
