2023-12-09 17:27:05
When Venezuela became independent from Spain in 1811, Essequibo It was part of their territory.
In 1814, The United Kingdom acquired British Guiana, some 51,700 square kilometers, through a treaty with the Netherlands that did not define its western border.
To 1840, the United Kingdom appointed explorer Robert Schomburgk to define the border. Shortly following, the “Schomburgk Line” was unveiled, a route that claimed nearly 80,000 additional square kilometers.
One year later, Venezuela denounced an incursion by the British Empire into its territory, officially beginning the dispute that continues to this day.
In 1895 The United States intervened under the Monroe Doctrine, following denouncing that the border had been expanded in a “mysterious manner” and recommended that the dispute be resolved in international arbitration.
In 1899 The Paris Arbitration Award was issued, a ruling favorable to the United Kingdom with which the territory was officially under British rule.
But in 1949 everything changed.. A memorandum from American lawyer Severo Mallet-Prevost, who was part of Venezuela’s defense in the Paris Arbitration Award, was made public, in which he denounced that the award was a political compromise and that the judges were not impartial. The revelation, added to other documents, served for Venezuela to declare the award “null and void.”
In 1966Three months before granting independence to Guyana, the United Kingdom agreed with Venezuela on the Geneva Agreement that recognizes the claim of the Caribbean country and seeks to find satisfactory solutions to resolve the dispute.
But currently Guyana defends the border defined in 1899 by the arbitration court. The country has turned to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the highest judicial body of the United Nations, to validate it.
For Venezuelait is clear that the Essequibo River is the natural border recognized at the time of independence from Spain.
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