2023-11-16 14:45:43
In the anniversaries of November 16, these events that occurred on a day like today in Argentina and the world stand out:
1906. Nace Henri Charrière
Henri Charrière, better known as Papillon, was born in France. He was sentenced to life imprisonment for a crime he did not commit and sent to the Devil’s Island prison, from which he escaped. He recounted his odyssey in the book Papillon, a best-seller made into a movie in 1973, the year of his death.
1922. The birth of José Saramago
José Saramago is born in Azinhaga. The Portuguese writer published novels such as Memorial of the Convent, The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis, The Gospel According to Jesus Christ and Essay on Blindness. In 1998 he was the first Portuguese-language writer to receive the Nobel Prize. A fervent communist, he died in 2010.
1938. The Battle of the Ebro ends
The Battle of the Ebro ends, which decides the Spanish Civil War in favor of Francisco Franco’s troops. It was the longest of the conflict and with its more than 300 thousand soldiers, it turned out to be the one that involved the most combatants. The Republicans lose regarding 10,000 men, compared to 6,500 national casualties. The Republican forces burned the ships with an offensive that was initially favorable to them, but they were unable to prevail or change the course of the war.
1943. Rodolfo Terragno is born
Rodolfo Terragno was born in Buenos Aires. Journalist, lawyer and writer, he went into exile in 1976. Until then he had been responsible for the magazine Cuestionario. In Venezuela he was one of the founders of the Diario de Caracas. Raúl Alfonsín appointed him Minister of Public Works and Services in 1987, following having read Argentina of the 21st century. He left office following the 1989 elections and negotiated the early transfer of command with Carlos Menem. He was head of radicalism between 1995 and 1997, the year of the formation of the Alliance and his election as national deputy. Fernando de la Rúa appointed him Chief of Staff upon taking office, but he lasted ten months in office. Elected senator in 2001, he was a presidential candidate for the UCR, but lost to Leopoldo Moreau. Mauricio Macri sent him to France as ambassador to UNESCO, between 2015 and 2019. Among his books we can mention: De Cámpora a Videla, Memories of the Present, Maitland & San Martín, Falklands and Diario Intimate de San Martín.
1960. Clark Gable dies
Clark Gable dies at age 59. The Gone with the Wind star had won the Oscar for It Happened One Night. A few days before his death he had finished filming The Misfits. John Huston’s film was also Marilyn Monroe’s last film.
1989. Massacre of Jesuits in El Salvador
Six Jesuit priests, five of them Spanish and the remaining Salvadoran, are murdered along with a domestic worker and her daughter by the military, within the framework of the civil war in El Salvador. They are killed inside the José Simeón Cañas Central American University, in the country’s capital. The massacre marked one of the moments of greatest international condemnation of the Salvadoran military. The Jesuits promoted a peace agreement with the Farabundo Martí Front guerrilla. Colonel René Ponce was held responsible for the massacre. He died unpunished in 2011. Another soldier, Inocente Montano, was sentenced in 2020 to 133 years in prison.
2006. Fallece Milton Friedman
Milton Friedman dies in San Francisco at age 94. The brain of monetarism promoted his neoliberal ideology from the University of Chicago. He advised the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet and received the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1976, amid rejection due to his proximity to a criminal regime.
In addition, it is the International Day for Tolerance, declared by the United Nations General Assembly in 1996; and International Flamenco Day and International World Heritage Day are celebrated.
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