2023-11-06 02:20:02
25% in their 20s, 41% in their 30s… High prevalence of dyslipidemia in young men
Entered 2023.11.06 11:17 Views 0 Entered 2023.11.06 11:17 Views 0
If a blood vessel is completely blocked, acute myocardial infarction occurs, which is very likely to cause death along with severe chest pain.[사진= 게티이미지뱅크]According to statistics on the causes of death from Statistics Korea in 2022, the main cause of death for Koreans is heart disease, followed by malignant neoplasms (cancer), which ranks first. The number of cases of acute myocardial infarction, the biggest cause of death among heart diseases, reaches approximately 40,000 per year, and regarding 30,000 of these suffer sudden death. Although the prevalence is high following people in their 50s, the prevalence of patients is also increasing in young adulthood.
A ‘vascular health advisory’ has been issued for domestic men in their 20s and 30s. A significant number of people were found to be suffering from dyslipidemia, and this ‘red light’ condition might act as a major cause of angina or acute myocardial infarction in the future.
According to the ‘Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet 2022’ of the Korean Society of Lipids and Arteriosclerosis, 25.4% of men in their 20s and 41.4% of men in their 30s in Korea have at least one predisposition to dyslipidemia. According to the results of the ‘Community Health Survey’ released by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency last October, one out of two men in their 30s are obese. If you are obese, the prevalence of dyslipidemia more than doubles. In particular, 59.2% of people with abdominal obesity have dyslipidemia.
Dyslipidemia refers to one or more of the following: high LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, high triglycerides, high total cholesterol, and low HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. Dyslipidemia in people in their 20s and 30s acts as a cause of myocardial infarction and sudden death following 40s. According to academic research, for every 88 mg/dL increase in blood triglycerides, the risk of cardiovascular disease increases by 22%. Looking at domestic research data from 2019, 47.4% of patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome (acute myocardial infarction) had no experience receiving treatment for dyslipidemia.
Even if a cardiac arrest continues for only 3 to 4 minutes, recovery of brain function becomes difficult.
Dyslipidemia is a major cause of atherosclerosis. It is a disease in which cholesterol is deposited on the innermost membrane (endothelium) of blood vessels, and vascular endothelial cells proliferate, narrowing or blocking blood vessels. It is as if the inside of an old water pipe is rusting and foreign matter is depositing, making it gradually narrower. When the weather gets cold, the excitement of the sympathetic nervous system increases and the secretion of stress hormones increases, causing blood vessels to constrict, making it easier for blood clots that accumulate in the blood vessels to fall out. At the same time, blood pressure rises and pulse increases, increasing the burden on the heart. This creates an environment in which angina or myocardial infarction can easily occur.
The heart repeats pumping movements of contraction and relaxation regarding 100,000 times a day to supply blood to the entire body. The constantly moving heart receives oxygen and nutrients through three large blood vessels inside the heart called coronary arteries. When these coronary arteries become narrow and blood is not properly supplied to the heart, stiffness and subtle pain appear in the chest area. This condition is called angina. When a blood vessel is completely blocked, acute myocardial infarction occurs, which is very likely to cause death along with severe chest pain.
Myocardial infarction causes intense chest pain that feels like squeezing the chest, lasting for more than 15 to 20 minutes, and necrosis of the heart muscle occurs, leading to arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, and sudden death.
The chest pain of angina occurs suddenly during physical and mental overload, and because the coronary artery is not completely occluded, it usually lasts for as little as 1 minute or as long as 15 minutes and then disappears when rested. If you have angina, it is a good idea to carry emergency medicine (nitroglycerin, aspirin, etc.) with you. If symptoms of myocardial infarction appear, immediate emergency measures are taken by placing nitroglycerin under the tongue, which greatly increases the survival rate. It is better to take aspirin together.
Sudden repetition of chest pain during rest, a precursor symptom of myocardial infarction
The main treatments for acute myocardial infarction are, depending on the patient’s symptoms, stent surgery, which installs a fine metal mesh into the blocked blood vessel, vasodilation, which widens the blocked blood vessel with a special balloon, and coronary artery surgery, which replaces blocked and damaged coronary arteries with blood vessels from other parts of the body. Arterial bypass surgery (open heart surgery), etc.
Angina is usually fine when resting, but chest pain occurs when exercising, being stressed, doing difficult work, fatigue, or drinking too much. This is because the heart’s oxygen demand and nutrient supply need to be expanded, but blood vessels are narrowed and blood flow cannot be properly increased. This case is called ‘stable (type) angina’. Stable angina is characterized by mild chest pain that lasts for regarding 1 to 5 minutes and then stops. The pain is not very severe and usually improves when you stop exercising or rest. Most patients with stable angina can maintain a normal life while taking regular medication.
However, severe chest pain may persist for more than 5 minutes, or the pain may suddenly occur during light activity, daily activities, or while resting. These symptoms are called ‘unstable angina’. In this case, you should immediately go to the emergency room and receive appropriate measures, detailed examination, and hospitalization treatment. Even if you do not have chest pain, if you feel stuffy for more than 30 minutes and at the same time experience symptoms such as cold sweat, dizziness, or difficulty breathing, you should suspect the possibility of angina pectoris or myocardial infarction.
If cardiac arrest continues for more than 3 to 4 minutes due to myocardial infarction, etc., brain function stops, so even if the heart is resuscitated, the person remains brain dead or in a vegetative state. First, call 119, perform CPR, and go to the hospital emergency room. We need to get him quickly.
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