Understanding the Link Between Covid-19 and Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Risk Factors and Vaccination Impact

2023-10-18 20:00:00

The risk of contracting Guillain-Barré syndrome increases in the weeks following a Covid-19 infection. On the other hand, the risk drops following receiving an RNA vaccine, according to a recent study.

Covid-19 can leave traces in the body long following it has passed. In addition to the risk of Covid long or cardiovascular disease (stroke, heart attack, etc.) more significant up to a year following infection, a study shows that in the weeks following the illness, the risk of developing Guillain-Barré syndrome is greater. But the good news is that this risk drops following vaccination once morest Covid-19.

The Guillain-Barré syndrome is still poorly understood. This autoimmune disease occurs as a result of an infection in the body, which can be gastrointestinal or respiratory. The immune system then attacks the nerve cells, starting by causing paralysis of the extremities (feet and hands), before progressing to the limbs. Although it can be fatal, most patients recover without significant following-effects. This syndrome remains very rare, since it affects around 20 people in 1 million each year.

6 times more risk once morest Guillain-Barré

In this new work published in the journal Neurology, 3 million people without a prior diagnosis of Guillain-Barré were followed from the beginning of January 2021 to the end of June 2022. Among them, 76 people developed this syndrome. By crossing this data with an infection with SARS-CoV-2, the Covid-19 virus, they realized that infected people were six times more likely to have Guillain-Barré than others. 12% of people suffering from Guillain-Barré had just been contaminated by Covid-19.

For the moment, it is impossible to formally establish the link between Covid and Guillain-Barré. But Covid is one of the respiratory diseases, infections of which can lead to an outbreak of Guillain-Barré. “This association is explained by a phenomenon called molecular mimicry, in which there is a structural similarity between the organism’s molecules and a foreign molecule. Co-directed immune responses[…]

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