2023-09-19 15:03:46
A study published in the Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin (BEH) shows that two months following giving birth, one in six women had postpartum depression (DPP), more than one in four had a significant level of anxiety, and one in 20 women reported suicidal thoughts.
Postpartum depression (PPD), anxiety and suicidal ideation can have deleterious consequences for the mother and the newborn. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of PPD, anxiety and suicidal ideation at two months postpartum (PP) among women giving birth in France in 2021 and to propose regional variations.
Results
In 2021, in mainland France, the prevalence of PPD was 16.7% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: [15,7-17,7]), with a regional disparity highlighting regions with significantly lower prevalences (Hauts-de-France, Grand Est, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Nouvelle-Aquitaine) or higher (Île-de-France, Centre-Val de Loire and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur) to that of France.
The prevalence of anxiety was 27.6% [26,5-28,8] overall and 83.2% [80,6-85,7] among women with PPD. A regional disparity was also observed for anxiety with prevalences significantly lower (Normandy, Nouvelle-Aquitaine) or higher (Centre-Val de Loire, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur) than in France.
The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 5.4% [4,7-6,1] overall and 23.8% [12,1-26,9] among women with PPD.
Carried out on a representative sample of women who gave birth in mainland France in March 2021, These estimates show that, two months following giving birth, one in six women had PPD, more than one in four had a significant level of anxiety, and one in 20 women reported suicidal thoughts. These results are consistent with international data on perinatal mental health. They underline the fundamental nature of prevention policies and the need to adapt the offer of care in psychology/psychiatry, in line with the important needs described.
These results reinforce the need for an evaluation of psychiatric manifestations in the postnatal period. and the fundamental nature of prevention policies, in particular in connection with the journey of the first 1,000 days, identification and support of women in the postnatal period. Indeed, It has been shown that in the absence of systematic screening, there is an under-reporting of psychiatric symptoms and a lack of seeking care. Women welcome these screenings, with good acceptability of the self-questionnaires. Thus, systematic screening initiatives appear to be the first step towards appropriate care. Furthermore, the questionnaire EPDS (Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale), despite its limitations, can alone help the clinician in this triple universal screening of women in PP. It is essential to assess these symptoms early and regularly following delivery.
It is with this objective that the postnatal interview has become obligatory in France to improve prevention, screening and therefore the management of disorders occurring in PP.
The very rich data from the 2021 national perinatal survey (ENP) will in the future allow us to better understand the determinants of these different PP disorders in the French context, in order to direct prevention strategies towards subgroups of women. at higher risk.
Méthodes – L'échantillon incluait 7 133 femmes accouchées en France hexagonale sur une semaine donnée de mars 2021 et ayant complété les 10 items de l’auto-questionnaire Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) à deux mois PP. Les données ont été pondérées de façon à être représentatives des femmes accouchées en France hexagonale cette même semaine. Les prévalences nationales de la DPP (score EPDS≥13), de l’anxiété (EPDS-3A≥5) et des idées suicidaires (item 10 de l’EPDS≥1) ont été estimées. Au vu des effectifs, seules les prévalences régionales de la DPP et de l’anxiété, standardisées sur l’âge, ont été estimé
Doncarli A, Tebeka S, Demiguel V, Lebreton É, Deneux-Tharaux C, Boudet-Berquier J, et al. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation two months postpartum: data from the 2021 National Perinatal Survey in mainland France. Bull Epidemiol Weekly. 2023;(18):348-60.
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