2023-09-08 22:16:18
Overcoming their divisions on Ukraine and the climate, concrete commitments in favor of developing countries: this is the challenge for the leaders of the G20, which Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi began to welcome on Saturday in New Delhi.
India, which this year chairs this group bringing together the largest Western and emerging economies, has demonstrated its desire to be the spokesperson for “the needs of the countries of the South”.
The G20 in New Delhi should at least send a message to Africa, by granting a permanent seat to the African Union.
The initiative, led by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, received the support of several members, including the United States and the European Union.
Even if a veto from one of the G20 members is still possible, a senior official of the Indian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Vinay Kwatra, said he expected a decision on Saturday morning at the summit, to which the president of the Comoros archipelago, Azali Assoumani, currently head of the AU.
– Major project in the Middle East –
An agreement in principle must also be signed at the G20 between the United States, Saudi Arabia – represented at the summit by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman – the United Arab Emirates, the EU and other prominent G20 partners of a major maritime and rail transport project crossing the Middle East to connect India to Europe, US Deputy National Security Advisor Jon Finer said on Saturday.
This announcement comes at a time when American President Joe Biden is working towards a possible normalization of relations between Israel (which might eventually join the project) and Saudi Arabia, in the wake of those with the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and the Morocco.
The G20 countries risk having more difficulty finding consensus on geopolitical issues or the climate. These subjects, however, have serious consequences for developing countries, on the front line facing extreme weather events linked to climate change, as well as facing the food insecurity fueled by the war in Ukraine by weighing on cereal prices.
The absence of solid commitments on climate in particular would be a “potentially catastrophic” failure for these countries representing 85% of global GDP responsible for 80% of greenhouse gas emissions, Amnesty International warned on Thursday.
A fortiori the day following a call to order with a report under the aegis of the UN Climate calling for doing “much more, now, on all fronts” to confront the climate crisis.
Earlier this week, in Nairobi, participants in the first African climate summit also called on the international community to help them realize the continent’s potential in the fight once morest global warming, through investments and reform of the financial system. international.
– “Dysfunctional” family –
Disagreements within the G20 on the attitude to have towards Moscow, the gradual abandonment of fossil fuels and the restructuring of the debt will make a final declaration difficult on Sunday.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has warned of growing divisions and the resulting risks of conflict.
“If we are indeed a global family, today we look like (a) rather dysfunctional family,” he lamented Friday at a press conference in New Delhi.
In the absence of Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping, the American Joe Biden is expected to take center stage.
He will discuss “a series of joint efforts to tackle global problems”, including climate change, and “mitigating the economic and social consequences of Russia’s war in Ukraine”, which is affecting countries the poorest, said his national security adviser, Jake Sullivan.
Joe Biden wants to offer a Western alternative to gigantic Chinese investment projects in developing countries.
He must therefore plead to strengthen the financing capacities of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
Reforms currently being negotiated already aim to improve the governance of international financial institutions, in particular by giving more space to large emerging countries and by more clearly integrating financing issues in the face of global warming.
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