2023-08-28 06:00:00
Written by Nahir Abdel Nabi Monday, August 28, 2023 09:00 am
Leukemia, or leukemia, is cancer of the tissues that make up blood in the body, including the bone marrow and the fibrous apparatusAccording to the Mayoclinic website, there are many types of leukemia, and some forms of leukemia are more common among children, while other forms of leukemia often affect adults.
Leukemia usually includes white blood cells. White blood cells are your body’s first line of defense to fight infection. They grow and divide in an orderly manner, depending on the body’s needs. But in the case of patients with leukemia, the bone marrow produces excessive amounts of abnormal white blood cells, which not working properly.
Leukemia treatment can be complex, depending on the type of leukemia and other factors, but there are strategies and resources that can be used to help make treatment successful.
Symptoms of leukemia vary depending on its type, and the usual signs and symptoms of leukemia include:
Fever or chills
Constant exhaustion and weakness
Frequent or serious infections
Losing weight without trying
– Enlarged lymph nodes and enlarged liver or spleen
Easy bleeding or bruising
– frequent nosebleeds
Tiny red spots in your skin (petechiae)
Excessive sweating, especially during the night
Bone pain or tenderness when touching
Symptoms of leukemia are often vague and non-specific and early leukemia symptoms may be ignored because they can resemble the symptoms of the flu and other common illnesses.
Leukemia is often discovered during blood tests for some other condition.
How does leukemia form?
In general, it is believed that leukemia (leukemia) occurs when some blood cells develop changes (mutations) in their DNA, and the DNA of the cell contains the instructions that direct it to carry out its specific function, and usually the DNA directs the cell to do two things, which are to grow at a certain rate and die in Specific time In the case of leukemia, mutations direct blood cells to continue growing and dividing.
When this happens, the body loses control over the production of blood cells. Over time, these abnormal cells can crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow. This leads to a decrease in the number of white blood cells, red blood cells, and healthy platelets, which results in signs and symptoms of leukemia.
How to classify leukemia
Doctors classify leukemia according to how quickly the condition progresses and the type of cells present.
The first type of classification depends on the speed of progression of the leukemia as follows:
Acute leukemia
In acute leukemia, the abnormal blood cells are immature blood cells (blasts) that cannot perform their normal functions and multiply rapidly, so the disease progresses rapidly. Acute leukemia requires aggressive and timely treatment.
Chronic leukemia
There are many types of chronic leukemia, some of which produce too many cells, while others cause too few cells. Chronic leukemia involves more mature blood cells, and these cells multiply or accumulate more slowly and can function normally for a period of time. However, some forms of chronic leukemia initially do not cause any early symptoms and can go unnoticed or diagnosed for many years.
The second type of classification depends on the type of white blood cells affected:
Lymphocytic leukemia
This type of leukemia affects the lymphocytes (lymphocytes) that make up the lymphoid tissue, which in turn makes up the immune system.
Myelogenous leukemia This type of leukemia affects myeloid cells, which in turn help form red and white blood cells and platelet-producing cells.
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