2023-06-08 22:58:13
Under Friday, June 9, the book of history records, among other things:
68: The Roman Emperor Nero, hated for his despotic rule, commits suicide following an uprising in the west of the empire. Servius Sulpicius Galba, who had joined the rebels as provincial governor in Spain, ascended the throne.
1808: Emperor Franz Joseph I issues a patent for the establishment of the Landwehr. This creates a permanent and general facility to supplement the regular army. In 1859 the Landwehr was abolished.
1913: Count Ferdinand Zeppelin lands in Vienna with his airship.
1918: Strong Italian attacks on Monte Pertica.
1923: In Bulgaria, the authoritarian regime of Prime Minister Alexander Stambolijski, whose radical reform program met with general rejection, is being overthrown by a military conspiracy.
1928: The American pilot Charles Kingsford Smith, who took off from Oakland/California on May 31, arrives in Brisbane, Australia, in his Fokker following the first transpacific flight.
1938: In Austria, the Nazi authorities dissolved the Catholic student fraternities.
1938: “Second Sino-Japanese War”. General Chiang Kai-shek breaks up the dams of the “Yellow River” and floods the country in the hope that this will stop the Japanese troops. On June 11, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces will be flooded. The blasting of the dikes without warning to the civilian population costs between 500,000 and a million Chinese lives, destroys 4,000 villages and several cities and makes millions homeless.
1948: The Polish government is warning the Catholic clergy once morest “further action once morest the state and democracy” and is threatening to ban religious instruction.
1968: The Bermuda Islands, a British colony since 1684, have their own constitution and full internal autonomy.
1983: The Conservatives under Margaret Thatcher win the British general election with 42.4 percent of the vote. The Labor Party gets 27.6 percent, the Alliance of Liberals and Social Democrats 25.5 percent.
1988: The Soviet government allowed the Crimean Tatars to return to their homeland. After the Second World War they were deported to Central Asia because they were accused of collaborating with the Germans.
1988: The Austrian National Council ratifies a treaty concluded with Italy on the autonomy of South Tyrol with a large majority. The dispute over the autonomous status of South Tyrol, which has also been fought out with terrorist attacks since 1960, has been largely settled with this agreement.
1993: SPÖ and ÖVP agree on the introduction of environmental impact assessments for all major projects from mid-1994.
1993: The Japanese Crown Prince Naruhito, son of Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko, marries the young diplomat Masako Owada in Tokyo. The 29-year-old commoner becomes the first working woman to become a member of the imperial family.
birthdays: Bertha Freifrau v. Suttner, née Countess Kinsky, Austria Writer/pacifist, winner of the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize (1843-1914); Curzio Malaparte, Italian writer (1898-1957); Erwin Scheuch, German sociologist (1928-2003); Ulli Herzog, German radio play director, author and speaker; “Benjamin Blümchen”, “Bibi Blocksberg” (1938-2003); Charles Saatchi, British executive and patron of the arts (1943); Johnny Depp, US actor (1963); Miroslav Klose, former German soccer player (1978).
days of death: Jacques Villon (real name Gaston Émile Duchamp), French painter (1875-1963); Ugo Betti, Italian dramatist (1892-1953); Teo Otto, German set designer (1904-1968); Paul Bernecker, Austria economist; one of the founders of scientific tourism research in German-speaking countries (1908-2003); Agostino Casaroli, Italian Catholic theologian (1914-1998); Walter Jens, German classical philologist (1923-2013).
name days: Grace, Primus, Ephrem, Felizian, Richard, Irmgard, Maximum, Annamarie, Cecilie, Vincent, Columbanus.
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