2023-05-01 04:00:50
local
Written by: Xu YunPhotography: Zhong Hanping
Farewell to the epidemic, but ushered in the peak season of influenza. According to the monitoring data of the Center for Health Protection, the overall activity of seasonal influenza in Hong Kong continues to rise, which means that Hong Kong has entered the influenza season, which is the first influenza peak period in three years; cold viruses mainly pass through the mouth and nose. Enter the body, but some special circumstances may cause myocarditis. This rare and serious disease can affect heart function. Cardiologist Li Jiahui explained the causes, symptoms and consequences of myocarditis caused by cold bacteria.
Guest Host: Simon Lee
Under what circumstances do cold germs enter the heart?
Influenza is a very common phenomenon. During the peak season of influenza every year, many people are infected. Most of the patients recover quickly, and some can fight off the germs with their own resistance. , patients with chronic diseases, young children, etc., once infected, there is a chance of serious problems. In mild cases, a fever will last for three or four days, and in severe cases, it will invade the lungs and cause pneumonia, which may cause breathing difficulties and require the assistance of a ventilator. If the germs enter the heart, they will multiply and cause myocarditis. However, this situation is not common. The data shows that regarding ten thousand one chance.
Do cold germs multiply as soon as they enter the heart?
If the patient’s immune system is weak, the bacteria will multiply rapidly and produce a lot of compounds in the process. When the body’s immune system attacks the bacteria, it will also release a lot of compounds. The combination of the two compounds will lead to myocardial necrosis.
Dr. Lee explains how cold bacteria multiply in the heart
I was suffering from swollen feet and shortness of breath. What other symptoms might there be from myocarditis?
All heart diseases, including myocarditis, have five major types of symptoms. Swollen feet are the most typical symptoms. The heart is responsible for pumping blood to the whole body. Pain, it feels like being pressed by a heavy object, heart cell necrosis stimulates the nerve cord to cause heart pain; asthma is also a common symptom of heart disease, when the lungs do not have enough blood supply, the body’s lack of oxygen affects breathing, and the heart rate is disordered, Fast and slow or chaotic, and finally if there is not enough blood in the brain, you will faint or go into shock.
How do doctors judge whether the heart is invaded by cold bacteria?
During the peak period of influenza, if a patient develops fever, muscle pain, obvious cold symptoms, swollen feet, shortness of breath, heart pain and abnormal heartbeat, there is reason to suspect that cold bacteria have invaded the heart, and electrocardiogram and ultrasound are needed to understand whether the heart is functioning Affected, no matter how accurate it is, MRI can be used to clearly see the inflamed and swollen areas.
To check the heart, you need to draw blood to understand the heart muscle enzymes. For most patients with coronary heart disease, the heart muscle enzymes will be on the high side. As for the reflection of heart function, it depends on the ejection index. The percentage of blood is normally 55-60%. The ejection index reflects the degree of damage to the heart function.
The heart is described as a structure of two chambers and two chambers. When problems arise, it is only following various complicated examinations that the cause can be found.
Is it difficult to treat cold bacteria in the heart?
The treatment effect depends on the patient’s condition. If the individual has strong immunity, it can help clear the virus and reduce the chance of heart damage. On the contrary, bacteria with weak immunity will multiply slowly. The lower it is; regarding one quarter of the patients can recover completely following treatment, another quarter of the patients will deteriorate sharply or even be life-threatening, and the remaining half of the patients will suffer damage to their heart function following recovery.
Damaged heart failure, is there any chance of recovery?
When the heart is damaged and fails, the body will produce a lot of hormones to try to save the failing heart. The blood pressure will increase and the heart will be overloaded, forming a vicious circle. Don’t be too high, the kidneys should not absorb too much sodium, and reduce the impact of hormones on the heart. Although the necrotic part of the heart cannot be fully recovered, with the help of drugs, there is still a chance to slowly return to normal, so regular follow-up visits and medication are very important.
After Dr. Li’s examination and tests, it showed that Simon’s heart function had recovered to 35%.
Is it suitable to exercise following recovery?
It is very important for recoverers, because exercise can improve heart and lung function. Many patients with myocarditis have the opportunity to improve heart function and live like normal people. We recommend that a physical therapist design appropriate exercises according to the patient’s condition to help the heart recover. .
Is there any other way besides exercise?
After recovery, pay attention to life management, including quitting smoking, avoiding fried and fatty foods that increase cardiovascular load, eating desserts in moderation, and limiting snacks, because saturated fat and trans fat will cause bad cholesterol to rise, and pay attention to sleep. Sleep apnea can affect the heart.
The guest host, Simon, is the manager of Huang Xiahui. He once went to Macau for filming because of a cold. He had swollen feet, asthma and other symptoms. When he returned to Hong Kong, he had difficulty breathing and went to the emergency room. He was diagnosed with myocarditis caused by cold bacteria entering the heart. At one point, it dropped to only 9%. After a series of treatments, he gradually recovered, and he still needs to take relevant medicines. Dr. Li checked his ejection index. At present, his heart has recovered to 35%.
Doctor profile
Li Jiahui-Cardiology Specialist, Licensed by the Hong Kong Medical Council (University of London, UK), Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Glasgow, Fellow of the Hong Kong College of Physicians, Fellow of the Hong Kong Academy of Medicine (Internal Medicine)
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