There are multiple factors that can report cancer. In the case of patients with head and neck tumors, for example, voice hoarseness may be a symptom of laryngeal cancer, which occurs predominantly in men over 40 years of age. According to the National Cancer Institute (Inca), the disease is the eighth most incident type of cancer in Brazil.
“The larynx is an organ that belongs to the cervical, and it is through it that oxygen enters to reach the lungs. It is a muscular and phonation organ. Having advanced-stage cancer can compromise speech and breathing,” explains oncologist Rodrigo Nery, from Oncologia D’Or, in Brasília.
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As for breathing, the doctor says that it is possible, in more advanced stages of the disease, to hear a wheeze, or noise, when breathing. It is not as frequent, but the larynx can be compressed by the tumor and the resulting sound sounds like the person is “breathing through a straw”.
A patient with noise when exhaling and inhaling does not necessarily have laryngeal cancer. Nery says that the symptom can be caused by other problems, such as laryngitis, edema in the glottis or whooping cough, which can cause narrowing of the organ.
Symptoms
“There is always something circulating through the larynx, be it air or food. It’s a very susceptible pathway to what people inhale. Therefore, smoking and drinking alcohol can cause the tumor to develop”, warns the oncologist. The main symptoms are:
- Sore throat;
- Hoarseness;
- Change in voice quality;
- Difficulty swallowing;
- Sensation of “lump” in the throat;
- Lump (lump) in the neck.
Nery highlights another possible symptom in the final stages of the disease: blood when coughing. “It’s not that common, but there can be a little bleeding,” he says.
If identified early, cancer has a high chance of being cured. Treatment may involve surgery and/or radiotherapy and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. If the intervention is carried out in the early stages of the tumor, the individual has a chance of leaving without voice damage.
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If the tumor evolves, the patient may undergo laryngectomy, total or partial removal of the larynx — in these cases, the person loses his voice and breathes through tracheostomy, the insertion of a tube to ensure air passage.
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