is cancer prostate The fourth most common type that is detected among men worldwide, the incidence of prostate cancer increases with age, and it rarely occurs in men under the age of 45, and perhaps the most prominent symptoms are difficulty urinating or frequent urination and the presence of blood in the urine, According to the website ” doctor-ndtv”.
what are the reasons?
The exact cause is unknown, it may run in some families or it may be related to diet. It may arise due to an imbalance of certain chemicals in the body or growth factors that control the growth and division of cells in the prostate gland. It develops in the outer part of the gland distinct from benign prostatic hyperplasia. (BPH) which develops in the center of the gland, is possible to develop prostate cancer even following prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms are quite similar to those of benign prostatic hyperplasia (i.e. weak urethra, frequent urination and obstruction of urine flow), as in this case also the gland becomes enlarged and presses on the urethra. In addition, there may be loss of appetite and weight. If the cancer has spread, there may be Pain in the spine, back, or in advanced cases, in the lower abdomen or even around the rectum.
How is the diagnosis made?
A doctor will usually be able to feel a large prostate gland by inserting a finger into the rectum. The prostate will feel nodular and hard, unlike the smooth enlargement of BPH. Blood tests may show an elevated PSA value (PSA). X-rays, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, or bone scans may be done to determine the extent of the disease.
The diagnosis must be confirmed by taking a piece of the prostate gland (biopsy) for examination. This is usually done by inserting a biopsy needle into the rectum and guiding it into the prostate gland. There may be some pain during this procedure and the patient may pass a small amount of blood in the urine, semen, or stool Then.
what is the cure?
If the disease is localized to the prostate gland, the entire prostate can be surgically removed (radical prostatectomy). This is a major surgery performed under general anesthesia and the recovery period is prolonged. Blood transfusions are required and in some cases there may be loss of urination control or even impotence..
The other form of treatment is radiotherapy, where penetrating X-rays are used to burn off the cancerous cells in the prostate. This treatment is given over several weeks and may be associated with side effects such as pain, diarrhea, bleeding from the rectum or in the urine, lower abdominal discomfort, and rarely, impotence..
If the disease is advanced or returns following initial treatment (recurrence), hormonal control of the disease is attempted. The goal is to deprive the cancer cells of the male hormone testosterone.