Explaining the difference between the two processes of thawing and freezing is a scientific question directed to second year secondary students in Saudi Arabia to stimulate their minds, and it is very important to know the difference between the two processes in terms of concepts and features.
Thawing and freezing are two types of the three states of matter, and these two processes occur at the same time every day in different forms and types, and we find them in home cooking as well as metal forming processes, food preservation processes, and the difference between thawing and freezing processes through increasing space is a concept. We will answer a question explaining in terms. Factors affecting them and the forms of the four states of matter and the Bose-Einstein hypothesis.
Explain the difference between thawing and freezing processes
There are many differences between melting and freezing, but they do agree on some points:
- The processes of thawing and freezing largely depend on external factors.
- The two processes are similar in that they indicate the initial state of matter.
- Fusion and freezing are similar in that they are both processes of physical exchange such that no new substance is produced while they are occurring.
- They are similar in that they are two processes in which matter moves from one phase to another.
The differences between the melting and freezing processes are:
|
fusion |
antifreeze |
| It is a process of gradual change of matter from a solid to a liquid, and this is done by absorbing heat. | It is the process of gradually changing the state of a substance from a liquid state to a solid state, and it is done by removing heat from the substance. |
| The term melting point of a substance refers to the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid. | The term freezing point of a substance refers to the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid state to a solid state by expelling heat. |
| The fusion process requires heat from an external source to go from a solid to a liquid. | The solidification process requires the removal of heat to change the state of the material from the liquid state to the solid state. |
| Usually the volume of the substance increases during the melting process. | Generally, the volume of the material becomes smaller during the solidification process. |
| The heat stored in the material increases during the fusion process. | During the freezing process, the heat stored in the material is reduced. |
| Examples of the merger process include:
Iron ore smelting. Snow turned into water. Solid wax turns into liquid wax. |
Examples of freezing:
Water turned into ice. Liquid wax turns into solid wax. |
Read also: What happens to most materials when heated and what are the states of matter?
fusion process
Melting is defined as the process of converting a substance from a solid state to a liquid state by absorbing heat, and it is measured in joules per kilogram. The melting process is affected by a number of factors, namely:
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Atmospheric pressure: As the temperature of atmospheric pressure increases, the higher the melting point, we conclude that the melting process requires higher temperatures.
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Purity of the material: The melting process is easy and homogeneous when the material consists of one element, and the fact that the material consists of multiple elements and each element has a specific melting point leads to heterogeneity and difficulty in performing the melting process, which greatly helps scientists to identify the materials. pure by fusion process.
Freezing process
The definition of freezing is defined as the process of converting a substance from a liquid state to a solid state by expelling heat, and this process aims to provide affinity between the particles of the substance in the liquid state to return to the solid state, and the freezing process is affected by the percentage of the purity of the substance if the substance contains an element. First, the freezing process becomes faster, but if it consists of many elements, then the freezing process takes place at different temperatures and takes a little longer.
Read also: The first element in the periodic table, its properties and properties, classification of elements and names of groups
What are states of matter?
The state of matter refers to the state in which the particles of matter are, and the state of matter changes physically or chemically, and the states of matter consist of three basic states and a fourth state that does not exist significantly in daily life, and these states change as a result of the change in height and decrease in temperature, and these states are:
solid state
The most important properties of a solid state are:
- In the solid state, the shape of the substance is stable and does not change.
- The solid has a high density.
- The particles of a solid are stable and do not move from one medium to another.
- The distance between solid particles is almost zero and does not contain a vacuum.
- The shape or state of a solid is not affected when exposed to the external pressure of another solid.
- Solid particles emit minimal vibrational motion.
- The particles of a solid are not constantly moving.
liquid status
The main characteristics of the liquid state:
- The shape of the substance changes in the liquid state depending on the shape of the container in which it is located.
- The density of the liquid substance is relatively high.
- Liquid particles are unstable.
- There are spaces between the molecules of a liquid substance.
- The particles of a liquid substance do not have an equal arrangement.
- The amount of cohesion between the molecules of a liquid substance is very weak.
- The buoyancy of a liquid depends on its weight being equal to the weight of the liquid on which it is floating.
gaseous state
Gaseous state characteristics:
- The gaseous substance does not have a definite shape.
- The gaseous particles of the substance dissipate quickly, so they can be filled anywhere, regardless of size or shape.
- Molecules of gaseous matter move very quickly in many directions.
- There are large gaps between the particles of the substance in the gaseous state, with spaces between them.
- The density of the gaseous substance is low.
- The substance can be compressed into a gaseous state.
Plasma condition
Plasma state properties:
- This case is an ionized gas.
- The state of plasma is found in nature.
- Plasma state particles cannot be stable and stable over a period of time.
- Matter appears as a charged particle in the plasma state.
- Gases in the case of plasma (xenon gas – helium – neon – radon).
- In the case of a plasmid, there are free electrons that are not attached to a particular atom or molecule.
- Plasma matter has high kinetic energy.
Read also: states of matter, properties of each state, recent and potential states, and high-energy states of matter.
Einstein Bose condenser
Bose-Einstein condensation of different forms of matter, in this case, some atoms cool down to absolute zero, and following obtaining that the atoms lose their energy and therefore these atoms cannot move and begin to condense with each other, and it is difficult to distinguish the form from the thing. Atoms are considered one atom.
The scientist Bose proposed this idea theoretically to Albert Einstein, and following several studies and experiments, Einstein realized the possibility of applying the experiment of condensation of atoms to light. This is because when the atoms reach the temperature of absolute zero, their energy decreases until they lose their properties and are similar, so they are indistinguishable from other atoms.
Read also: What is the state of matter and what are the transformations of matter?
We talked regarding a problematic answer that explains the Bose-Einstein hypothesis with the concept of the difference between the processes of fusion and freezing, the factors that affect them and the forms of the four states of matter.
