The test detected a sign of tumors in 1.4% of people who did not know they had cancer and confirmed the disease in 38% of them.
RT in Spanish | These results, she said, “have important implications for the future provision of cancer care.”
A study presented this Sunday at the annual conference of the European Society for Medical Oncology, (Esmo) 2022, in Paris, is the first prospective research to show that an early detection test for multiple cancers (Dtmc) can detect tumors in patients with undiagnosed cancer.
Previous studies used tests only in patients who already had cancer.
The test was feasible in outpatient practice without significant adverse effects and with a predictive value of positive cases of approximately 40%. Experts say that these tests open a “new era” in the early diagnosis of cancer.
In the study, researchers collected blood samples from undiagnosed people over 50 years of age. They then analyzed free DNA circulating in blood plasma for tumor DNA from more than 50 types of cancer, which has some different methylation patterns from non-tumor DNA, using the Dtmc test and machine learning.
The test detected a sign of tumors in 1.4% of people who did not know they had cancer and confirmed the disease in 38% of them. The trial had a specificity rate of 99.1% for people who did not have cancer.
“The results are an important first step for early cancer detection tests because they showed a good detection rate for people who did have cancer and an excellent specificity rate for those who did not have cancer,” explained in a press release the Lead study author Deb Schrag of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York.
“It is a duty of professional societies like Esmo to raise awareness of the fact that in the next five years we will need more doctors, surgeons and nurses, along with more diagnostic and treatment infrastructure, to care for the growing number of people who will be identified through tests. of early detection of multiple cancers”, explained Fabrice André, director of research at the Gustave Roussy Cancer Center in France.
These results, he said, “have important implications for the future provision of cancer care.”
“This study indicates that there is hope on the horizon for detecting cancers that are currently undetectable, but of course much more work is needed,” Schrag said.
“It is also critical to keep in mind that the purpose of cancer screening is not to decrease cancer incidence, but to decrease cancer mortality,” he added.
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