Sugar-induced intestinal flora disturbance increases risk of diabetes
The Western nutrition Is rich on Zucker. According to a recent study, high sugar consumption sets in motion a chain of events that can lead to metabolic diseases, prediabetes and weight gain. This process can be traced back to a Change in the intestinal florawhich is caused by high sugar consumption.
researchers of Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York (USA) were able to show how in a current study Sugar alters the microbiome in the gut and so the risk of common diseases such as Diabetes and obesity is increased. The results were recently published in the renowned journal “Cell” presents.
Sugar promotes the development of metabolic diseases
The findings might explain why a high-sugar diet in the emergence of metabolic diseases is involved and why one healthy intestinal flora to protect once morest such diseases.
The working group around the microbiology professor Dr. Ivalyo Ivanov studied the effects of a Western diet on the gut microbiome of mice. The team was able to demonstrate that the Zucker responsible for the harmful effects on the intestinal flora.
Western Diet Metabolic Syndrome
The researchers fed mice a high-fat, high-sugar diet modeled following a typical western diet. Within four weeks, the animals then developed characteristics of a metabolic syndromeincluding changes in body weight, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance.
In addition, the scientists were able to document how the microbiome in the gut of the animals changed by the diet. Certain types of bacteria classified as segmented Thread bacteria are denoted were inhibited by the diet, while other types of bacteria were able to multiply more rapidly.
Filamentous bacteria associated with number of immune cells
In the further course of the study, the research team was able to show that the decline in filamentous bacteria had far-reaching effects on the health of the mice. As the number of filamentous bacteria dwindled, so did the number of certain ones immune cells in the intestines, which as Th17 cells be designated.
Th17 cells protect once morest metabolic diseases
Th17 cells are among the T helper cells – A subgroup of white blood cells (T-lymphocytes) responsible for the recognition of antigens. Put simply, Th17 cells in the gut ensure that metabolic diseases, diabetes and weight gain are prevented.
“These immune cells produce molecules that slow the absorption of ‘bad’ fats from the gut and reduce inflammation in the gut”confirms the head of the study Ivanov. According to him, they protect the intestines from absorbing pathogenic lipids.
Sugar is the “main culprit”
Ivanov’s team might do that sugar content in the diet identify as the “main culprit” in this process.
“Sugar eliminates the filamentous bacteria and the protective Th17 cells disappear as a result”said the professor.
This was also confirmed in another experiment in which a group of mice sugar-free but high-fat diet received. After four weeks no decline of Th17 cells can be observed.
Fat alone did not change the intestinal flora
The animals were still protected from metabolic diseases, even though the calorie count was the same as the group that ate a diet high in sugar and fat. The protective function, however, counted only for animals that a priori sufficient filamentous bacteria housed in the intestine.
In the animals that already had too few filamentous bacteria in the microbiome before the start of the study, the high-fat but sugar-free diet also had a negative effect. They gained weight and developed signs of diabetes.
Diets seem to work best when the intestinal flora is healthy
“This suggests that some popular dietary measures, such as minimizing sugar, only work for people with certain bacterial populations in their microbiota.”concludes Ivanov.
Diets might become more effective with probiotics
The researchers therefore propose nutritional interventions by taking Probiotics to support, which increase the number of filamentous bacteria in the intestine. Taking probiotics led to one in the mice with an unbalanced intestinal flora Recovery of Th17 cells in the gut.
The direct administration of Th17 cells also led to an improved protective function in the intestines of the mice. The working group suspects that the approach might perhaps also be used in humans. However, this would have to be investigated in further studies.
Results cannot be transferred one to one
Professor Ivanov concludes by emphasizing that the gut microbiota of mice and humans are different, hence the results not transferred one to one can become. Nevertheless, the scientists consider it very likely that the gut bacteria exert similar protective functions in humans.
Important insights into gut bacteria
“Our study underscores that a complex interaction between diet, microbiota and the immune system plays a key role in the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and other diseases”summed up Ivanov.
“It suggests that for optimal health, it’s important not only to make dietary changes, but also to improve the microbiome, or gut immune system, for example by increasing Th17 cell-inducing bacteria,” he said Director of Studies. (vb)
Author and source information
This text corresponds to the requirements of medical specialist literature, medical guidelines and current studies and has been checked by medical professionals.
Author:
Graduate editor (FH) Volker Blasek
Sources:
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center: Sugar Disrupts Microbiome, Eliminates Protection Against Obesity and Diabetes (veröffentlicht: 29.08.2022), cuimc.columbia.edu
- Yoshinaga Kawano, Madeline Edwards, Yiming Huang, et al.: Microbiota imbalance induced by dietary sugar disrupts immune-mediated protection from metabolic syndrome; in: Cell (2022), sciencedirect.com
Important NOTE:
This article contains general advice only and should not be used for self-diagnosis or treatment. He can not substitute a visit at the doctor.
