This is the last major text of the quinquennium, technical and remained in the shadows although from the great debate following the crisis of the “yellow vests”: the bill “3DS” on decentralization was definitively adopted by Parliament, Wednesday 9 February.
The “3DS” law includes measures to decentralize, decentralize, differentiate and simplify local action. Criticized by the oppositions as a text “catch-all” or lacking ambition, the text was nevertheless adopted by a large majority of senators by 301 votes in favor – 32 voted once morest and 10 abstained. The bill had been approved by the National Assembly on Tuesday by 154 votes in favor – and 18 once morest.
Transport, wind turbines, social housing, RSA, institutional construction site of the Marseille metropolis … The majority sees it as a “toolbox” with a concrete and immediate impact on the ground, but not a “big bang” institutional. “We have chosen to put oil in the wheels, to improve the institutional landscape rather than to upset it”, touted the Minister of territorial cohesion, Jacqueline Gourault.
Very technical, most of the provisions will not speak to the general public. In concrete terms, the aim is to give new powers to local authorities, new places and responsibilities to elected officials, and to simplify certain administrative procedures.
Here are the main measures of the text adopted on Wednesday :
The text allows the transfer of the management of national roads, highways and sections of roads from the public domain to departments and metropolises, “in contact with the regions”. Communities will also be able to set up automatic speed cameras.
The installation of new wind turbines will now be framed in local urban planning plans. The neighbouring municipalities will be consulted before the project.
The text perpetuates the law solidarity and urban renewal (SRU), which sets for some municipalities a minimum number of social housing, but the deadline of 2025 to comply with it jumps. The text also opens up the possibility of pooling the objectives of SRU at the intercommunal level.
In the areas of rural revitalization (14,900 municipalities concerned) and the priority districts of the city policy, communities will be able to acquire abandoned property (“goods without masters”) following ten years (instead of thirty).
Voluntary local authorities will now have the power to sanction landlords who fail to comply with the rent control mechanism.
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Communes, intercommunalities
Without calling into question the current architecture, deputies and senators have injected more flexibility into the distribution of powers between municipalities and intercommunalities, for example on roads or tourism.
The reform of the governance of Aix-Marseille wanted by Emmanuel Macron as part of the “Marseille en grand” plan has been adopted. The reform makes it possible to abolish the territorial councils (intermediate level) and to clarify the transfer of powers from the metropolis to the municipalities, the representativeness of Marseille in the governance of the metropolis or the way of financing the community and municipalities.
In response to a request from the Departmental Council of Seine-Saint-Denis, an experiment is planned for five years to refocus the income of active solidarity for the requesting departments.
The government has decided to introduce a “functional authority” departments and regions on the managers of colleges and lyceums, via an amendment adopted by deputies. The latter wished to specify the missions under the“functional authority” : restoration, general maintenance and maintenance of infrastructure and equipment. This reform should make it possible to clarify the institutional position of those members of the national education staff responsible for operating the half-board, for taking care of security or the financial management of secondary schools.
