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A survivor’s pension is a pension that can be received by an insured person of the National Pension or Employees’ Pension Insurance or by the bereaved family who maintained their livelihood when the insured person died. There are two types of pensions for survivors: the “basic pension for survivors” and the “welfare pension for survivors”. Then, can the life of the bereaved family be supported only by it? We will verify it with a model case.
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Survivor’s Pension = Surviving family receives when the insured person dies
Japan’s public pension consists of a national pension for those aged 20 and over, an employee’s pension for office workers and civil servants, and a corporate pension that pays premiums separately from the public pension and provides benefits on top of the public pension. etc. After retirement, all people will receive the Old-age Basic Pension, and those who were enrolled in the Employees’ Pension will receive the Old-age Employees’ Pension.
[Classification of National Pension Insured Persons]
1.No. 1 Guardian
All persons living in Japan aged between 20 and 60, including self-employed persons and students, who are not classified as Category 2 or 3 insured persons, are classified as Category 1 insured persons.
2.No. 2 guarantor
Office workers under the age of 70, civil servants and private school teachers
3.No. 3 Guardian
A spouse aged 20 to 60 who is supported by an employee’s pension insured person (category 2 insured person) (annual income of less than 1.3 million yen and less than half of the spouse’s annual income)
When an insured person dies, the surviving family can receive a “Surviving Family Pension (Surviving Family Basic Pension, Surviving Family Employees’ Pension).”
Survivors’ Basic Pension can be received by the deceased’s spouse or children who had children who were supported by the deceased. Children must be unmarried and have completed high school, or must be under the age of 20 and have certain disabilities.
[Pension amount for survivors’ basic pension (from April 2020)]
When a spouse with children receives
777,800 yen + additional amount for children
When a child receives (the amount obtained by dividing the following amount by the number of children is the amount per child)
777,800 yen + additional amount for second and subsequent children
Additional amount for 1st and 2nd child: ¥223,800 each
Additional amount for third and subsequent children: ¥74,600 each
* Japan Pension Service: Basic pension for survivors (recipient requirements, eligibility, pension amount)
If a Category 2 insured person dies, the Survivor’s Employees’ Pension is applicable to the wives with children/husbands aged 55 or over with children who were supported by the deceased, or their children. Unmarried wives/husbands aged 55 and over without children, and parents aged 55 and over are also eligible.
The amount of pension that can be received is 3/4[(A*1＋B*2）×3/4］。
*1 A: Subscription period before March 2003
Average standard monthly remuneration x 7.125/1,000 x Number of months of subscription period before March 2003
*2 B: Subscription period following April 2003
Average standard monthly remuneration x 5.481/1,000 x Number of months of subscription period since April 2003
A model case when a husband dies at the age of 40
Survivor’s pension to support the livelihood of the bereaved family, but how much is it specifically? According to the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare’s “Overview of the Employees’ Pension Insurance and National Pension Business,” the number of survivors’ basic pension benefits is 90,000, and the average pension amount is 841,730,000 yen. The number of bereaved family welfare pension benefits is 5.67 million, and the average pension amount is 82,947 yen.
The average is regarding 80,000 yen, but let’s calculate how much of the survivor’s pension will actually be paid from a model case.
Husband: 40 years old (200 months of employee pension coverage), university graduate, monthly income of 440,000 yen
Wife: 38 years old, housewife
Eldest son: 8 years old
Eldest daughter: 5 years old
[Wife is 48 years old]
“Survivors basic pension: regarding 780,000 yen” + “Additional amount for two children: regarding 450,000 yen” + “Survivors welfare pension: regarding 480,000 yen”
1.71 million yen for one year, 140,000 yen for one month
[Wife is 51 years old]
“Survivors basic pension: regarding 780,000 yen” + “Additional amount for one child: regarding 220,000 yen” + “Survivors welfare pension: regarding 480,000 yen”
1,480,000 yen for one year, 120,000 yen for one month
[Until the wife is 65 years old]
“Survivors welfare pension: regarding 480,000 yen” + “middle-aged widow addition: regarding 580,000 yen”
1,060,000 yen for one year, 90,000 yen for one month
[Wife is over 65]
“Old-age basic pension: regarding 780,000 yen” + “Survivor welfare pension: regarding 480,000 yen”
1,170,000 yen for 1 year, 97,500 yen for 1 month
With two children and living expenses of 120,000 to 140,000 yen per month, it seems quite unsettling. In order to live with peace of mind, it is essential to take measures such as taking out private insurance in preparation for unforeseen circumstances, and having your spouse work as well.
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