???? Georg August Schweinfurth - Definition and Explanations

2023-07-02 17:38:49

Introduction

Georg Schweinfurth

Georg August Schweinfurth (born December 29, 1836 in Rīga – died September 19, 1925 in Berlin), was a German-Baltic German botanist, ethnologist and explorer of Africa (with an area of 30,221,532 km2 including the islands ,…) black.

Biography

After studying at several universities (Heidelberg, Munich and Berlin) he became involved in botany (Botany is the science devoted to the study of plants (from the Greek …) and paleontology (Paleontology is the science that studies the fossil remains of living beings from…).

Responsible for classifying the collections brought back from Sudan by Baron von Barnim and Dr. Hartmann, he became interested in this African region. In 1863 he undertook a trip (A trip is a trip made to a more or less distant point for a personal purpose…) along the coasts of the Red Sea (The Red Sea (Arabic: ????? ?? ???? Bahr el-Ahmar) is an intra-continental sea of the ocean…), goes to Khartoum (Khartoum (in Arabic, al-Khartûm: ???????, which can be translated by “Trompe…) and returned to Europe (Europe is a terrestrial region which can be considered as a…) in 1866. His research aroused the interest of the Humboldt-Stiftung in Berlin and he was sent in 1868 for an important scientific mission (A scientist is a person who devotes himself to the study of a science or sciences and who…) in the interior of East Africa.

His journey (Before designating a trip (pleasant or not, short or long, on the sea or not, effective or…) leads him from Khartoum to Bahr-el-Ghazal following the White Nile (White is the color of ‘a body heated to around 5000°C (see…), then in the company of ivory merchants it crosses .) the regions inhabited by the Diur (Dyoor), Dinka, Bongo and Niam-Niam. It then enters the country (Country comes from the Latin pagus which designated a territorial and tribal subdivision of extent…) of the Mangbettu (Monbuttu ) and discovered the river (In hydrography, a river is a watercourse which flows under the influence of…) Welle (March 19, 1870), which is not part of the Nile watershed, and that he mistakenly thought to be linked to the lake (In limnology, a lake is a large body of water located in a continent where it…) Chad (in reality a tributary (A tributary is a watercourse that will flow in a watercourse with a higher flow, at…) the river (In French-speaking hydrography, a river is a watercourse which flows into the sea or into…) Congo).

In 1871 he discovered carved figurines in Central Africa, it was the beginning of the so-called Negro Arts in Europe.

Schweinfurth has largely changed the knowledge that we have of the inhabitants, the fauna and the flora (Flora is all the plant species present in a space…) of Central Africa. He described in detail the cannibalistic practices of the Mangbettu, and his discovery of the Akka pygmies put an end to the debate (A debate is a (constructive) discussion on a specific or substantive subject, announced in advance,…) on the existence of short men in Africa. The account of his expedition was published in Im Herzen von Afrika.

In 1873-1874 he accompanied Friedrich Gerhard Rohlfs (1831-1896) in his expedition through the Libyan desert.

Settled in Cairo in 1875, he created the Khedival Society of Geography (Geography (from the ancient Greek γεωγραφία…), and devoted himself exclusively to the historical and ethnological study of Africa.

In the company of Paul Güssfeldt (1840-1920), he penetrated into the Arabian desert, and continued his explorations until 1888 (in particular observations (Observation is the action of attentive monitoring of phenomena, without the will to …) botanical and geological in Fayoum, in the valley (A valley is a geographical depression generally of form…) of the Nile). The following year (A year is a unit of time expressing the duration between two occurrences of a related event…), he returns to live in Berlin, but will again visit Eritrea, then an Italian colony (Italian is the common name used for the rope used to operate a furler….) in 1891, 1892 and 1894.