???? Amphiesmenoptera – Definition and Explanations

2024-02-13 15:41:22

Introduction

Amphiesmenoptera Classification Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Subembr. Hexapoda Class Insecta Subclass Pterygota Order Amphiesmenoptera
Willi Hennig Phylogenetic classification (Phylogenetic classification is a system of classification of beings…) Position:

  • Hexapodes
    • Insectes (Insectes is a French-speaking ecology and entomology journal intended for a wide…)
      • Archaeognaths
      • Cnn
        • Thysanoures
        • Pterygotes
          • Odonates
          • Cnn
            • Mayflies
            • Neoptera
              • Cnn
                • Cnn
                  • Cnn
                    • Blattoptères
                    • Mantoptères
                    • Isoptera
                  • Plecopteroids
                  • Cnn
                    • Orthoptera
                    • Dermaptères
                    • Grylloblattoptères
                    • Embioptera
                    • Phasmides
                • Cnn
                  • Zoraptera
                  • Cnn
                    • Cnn
                      • Psocoptères
                      • Phthiraptera
                    • Cnn
                      • Hemiptera
                      • Thysanoptères
              • Cnn
                • Cnn
                  • Cnn
                    • Strepsiptères
                    • Beetles
                  • Cnn
                    • Nephroptera
                    • Cnn
                      • Rhaphidioptères
                      • Megaoptera
                • Cnn
                  • Hymenoptera
                  • Cnn
                    • Cnn
                    • Amphiesmenoptera
                      • Trichoptera
                      • Lepidoptera

Amphiesmenoptera is a taxon of true insects, pterygotes. This superorder was established by Willi Hennig.

It is made up of Lepidoptera (butterflies and caterpillars), and Trichoptera or caddisflies.

Historical

Lepidoptera and Trichoptera have a large number of common characters, proof of their common ancestry.

Amphiesmenoptera have existed since the Permian (The Permian is a geological system which extends from 299.0 ± 0.8 to 251.0…) and the majority of divisions (Division is a law of composition which has two numbers associates the product of the first by…) between families of lepidoptera as we currently know them took place between the Jurassic and the Eocene. Archaeolepis mane from the English Jurassic is dated to around 190 million years ago. Only two other fossils date from the Jurassic and thirteen from the Cretaceous.

Fossils dating from the Tertiary show species already very close to modern species.

Fossils

They were found in the Lower Permian (Asselian and Artinskian) strata of Moravia, Czechoslovakia and the Lower Permian of the Kuznetsk Basin, USSR.

The genus Microptysmella n.gen., including Amphiesmenoptera Microptysma sibiricum Martynova from the Lower Permian found in the USSR and Microptysmella moravica n.sp. would be the oldest known member among the Amphiesmenoptera.

The other genera of endoptygerotic insects belong to the family Protomeropidae. These are:

  • Pseudomerope n.gen. (incluant Pseudomerope mareki n.sp., Pseudomerope havlati n.sp., Pseudomerope oborana n.sp. et Pseudomerope gallei n.sp.)
  • Pseudomeropella n.gen. (including Pseudomeropella nekvasilovae n.sp.)
  • Stenomerope n.gen. (including Stenomerope spinari n.sp.).

A fifth genus is Moravochorista n.gen. (including Moravochorista Carolina n.sp.), is similar to Pinnachorista and Kaltanochorista (Kuznetsk, USSR)

The phylogenetic position of these five genera remains equivocal.

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