2024-02-18 07:00:15
An international team of researchers has observed for the first time a form of unprecedented decay of the Higgs boson, shedding new light on the mysteries of the Universe and suggesting rant the existence of still unexplored physical phenomena. This discovery, the result of the analysis of data (In information technology (IT), data is a basic description, often…) collected during proton collisions at the Grand Collider (A collider is a type of particle accelerator involving beams…) (LHC) at CERN, marks a giant step forward in our understanding of the subatomic world.
The Higgs boson, a elementary particle (We call elementary particles the fundamental constituents of the universe…) predicted in the 1960s and discovered with certainty in 2012, plays a crucial role in the Standard Model of particle physics (Particle physics is the branch of physics that studies constituents…). It is associated with a field, omnipresent in the Universe, which gives their mass to other particles. Its ability to interact with various particles and fields had been precisely measured, confirming the predictions so far.
The recent observation concerns a decay of the Higgs boson into a photon, or quantum of lumière (Light is all electromagnetic waves visible to the eye…)and a Z boson, a particle without electric charge (Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter which respects the principle of…) involved in the transmission of the weak force, one of the four fundamental forces of the Universe. According to théorie (The word theory comes from the Greek word theorein, which means “to contemplate, observe,…), this process is extremely rare, occurring approximately 15 times out of 10,000 decays. However, data collected by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations show a higher decay rate, at 34 occurrences per 10,000, raising questions about the possibility of new particles or forces at -beyond the standard model.
This notable difference from theoretical predictions, although still insufficient to exclude statistical fluctuation, suggests the possibility of a new physique (Physics (from the Greek φυσις, nature) is etymologically the…). In particular, it opens the door to theories such as supersymétrie (Note: To get the most out of this article, the reader should have a good understanding of…)which proposes a relationship between half-spin and full-spin particles, offering potential answers to some of the great mysteries of physics, such as the nature of matière noire (In astrophysics, dark matter (or dark matter), translation from English…) and the enormous gap between the weak and gravitational forces.
Detecting this decay required careful analysis of the results of proton collisions at the LHC, where scientists had to compensate for the inability to directly observe the Z boson by measuring the the energy of the electrons or muons produced during its decay. This technical feat underlines the extraordinary precision with which physicists can today test the foundations of our understanding of the Universe.
Researchers are now looking to the future, with the anticipation of even more precise data coming from the next phase of the LHC and the future Large Hadron Collider at high luminosity (Brightness designates the characteristic of what emits or reflects…)promising discoveries about the structure fundamental (In music, the word fundamental can refer to several meanings.) from matière (Matter is the substance that makes up any body having a tangible reality. Its…).
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